A Unique Rosa Parks - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 334 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/03/27 Category Politics Essay Level High school Tags: Rosa Parks Essay Did you like this example? Rosa Parks Rosa Parks was born in Tuskegee, Alabama, on February 4, 1913. Rosa parks moved her parents to Pine Level, Alabama. She had a brother that was born in 1915 named Sylvester. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Unique Rosa Parks" essay for you Create order Her parents were separated shortly after Sylvester was born. when she completed her education in Pine Level at age eleven, her mother, Leona, enrolled her in Montgomery Industrial School for Girls, a private institution. After finishing Miss White’s School, she went on to Alabama State Teacher’s College High School. She was unable to graduate with her class, because of the illness of her grandmother Rose Edwards and later her death. Rosa Parks had a challenge because of her appearance, she was targeted for racial discrimination and segregation. She suffered for a few days because of her arrest for the bus incident. She moved to Detroit, Michigan where she was able to find a job. Parks became known as the mother of the civil rights movement because she refused to leave her set on a Montgomery, Alabama bus. Rosa parks was inspired by Claudette Colvin. Claudette Colvin was arrested because she did not give up the bus seat for a white passenger. It wasn’t Rosa Parks who was first arrested for the bus boycott incident. Rosa Parks incident happened 9 months after Claudette had the bus incident. Parks ended up in jail for not giving up the seat for a white passenger for 13 months. By refusing to move up from the seat she helped initiate the civil rights movement in the United States. Rosa parks inspired me because she has helped other human beings to stand up for themselves and not let the civil right movements take over. I wouldn’t argue over a seating rule or who that person is. I would not let others tell me to move if it isnt really their things or seat. I would challenge myself to not others get to me. By the time I graduate high school I would not let any other discrimination continue.

The Battle Of The Revolutionary War - 1263 Words

Once the Redcoats were set up to the best of their ability the militiamen continued to move forward. As the militiamen closed in the British fired the first volley, Private Abner Hosmer and Captain Isaac Davis were at the head of the march and were killed instantly. That volley was the start of the Revolutionary War and is now known as the â€Å"Shot Heard around the World†. The militiamen returned the volley which devastated the Redcoats. Eight officers were wounded and one British soldier lay dead and another mortally wounded. The Redcoats returned the volley but fired high missing their opportunity to do any damage to the colonists. The colonists knew that was a sign of inexperienced firer’s. As the fighting continued the militiamen†¦show more content†¦The Revolutionary War had begun. It was clear to the colonists that in order to beat the British and a unified Army needed to be created. The Continental Congress would adopt and sponsor these men in to the beginnings of the Continental Army. The Continental Army was created and the first Commander in Chief was put in place. General George Washington would take over command on June 14, 1775. The colonists had won the first Battle in the American Revolutionary War. (Lexington and Concord. 2013). During the Battle of Lexington and Concord the Human Intelligence (HUMINT) played a huge role. HUMINT was the only intelligence capability they had before and during throughout the battle. HUMINT was the reasons the battle was won by the colonists. A source inside the British Parliament leaked vital information to Mr. Paul Warren. The information was secret plans to march to Concord and destroy any weapons. It was said that General Gage’s wife who had sympathy for the colonists was the source. That allegation has never been substantiated. Regardless of whom the source was that Intel gave the colonists an upper hand and ultimately helped them win the battle. (1775, 04/19: Battles of Lexington and Concord. 2007) It is not hard to identify lessons learned from this battle. We have many lessons to learn from the Battle of Lexington and Concord in terms of leadership, communication, tactics, intelligence and strategy. However, the leak of intelligence was

American News Media Free Essays

Being two of the top newspaper publications in United States, New York Times and the Washington Post have been maintaining such competition through the years that evermore raises the quality of American journalism. Raising the bar can have fatal consequences as this requires an even greater pressure, and involves politicking among themselves and their contenders not to mention maintaining its integrity as institutions. This is a fact that the major media companies are aware of, and therefore take such precautions to avoid them damage and at the same time bring them profits and glory. We will write a custom essay sample on American News Media or any similar topic only for you Order Now Being representatives of the most powerful country in the whole world, they can easily become prey to the critics as they are constantly being examined under the microscope. And this is when the media’s generals take their positions in the field, taking whatever risks to gain them the lead. The Washington Post’s story on the Watergate Scandal is probably one of the best investigative stories in the recent decades. It was the story that would have not been published without the blessing of its executive editor Benjamin Bradlee who chose to oversee the investigations being run by his writers Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein rather than stay away from the dangers and pressure brought about by the frenzied situation. His trust on the amount of impact of the story won him the gamble. The evidences dug in the story later on contributed to President Nixon’s eventual resignation. After three more decades came the tragedy that shook the world- and the moment the New York Time’s executive editor Howell Raines had been waiting for, successfully commandeering his team of journalist amid the chaos of the September 11 bombing. The stirring portraits and stories of the publication delivered a powerful emotional blow to its readers across the country and helped shape the people’s minds in supporting Bush’s war against terror as they believe that it will bring justice to the dreadful acts of the country’s enemies. His aggressive leadership has brought many changes in the organization despite the criticisms he had received. These are only two of the cases of media’s great battles won, two of the battles that will not have been won without the fortitude and confidence of Bradlee and Raines, for otherwise America will have been seeing a different picture. Today, there has been a growing number of critics since Bush’s failing war on terror with accusations that the media is being used by Bush to spread his propaganda. The public watches and waits for the media’s next move as it enters a new stage. It has also been very influential in the last few decades since the advent of cable television and the internet which allowed them to serve a wider range of audiences and sequentially earn them more profits. It involves itself with war, controversies, scandals, clashes in political beliefs, religion and all the other things vital to people just to be able to deliver what the people need to know that journalists are sometimes even dubbed ‘muckrakers’. The Watergate scandal is probably one of the most unforgettable triumphs of American news media when the investigative reportage from Washington Post’s Woodward and Bernstein triggered public outbursts which largely contributed to President Nixon’s resignation. It proudly displayed its power and steadfastness to America and to the rest of the world. And it is these media’s capabilities that make it one of the most successful industries in America, earning billions of dollars per annum from advertisements alone. But their prominence nonetheless comes with a price. And such sentiments are a lot common nowadays since Bush failed to capture Osama Bin Laden in Al Qaeda followed by his unpopular war in Iraq. Although media has played a large part in both these wars, people still remain skeptical on its real agenda. Most people believe that the media is only being used for propaganda. First, it should have been able to expose the truth and determine if Iraq was indeed capable of manufacturing weapons of mass destruction. It is quite arguable if media should even be blamed for it, for the people might simply be too disillusioned to even consider media’s side. American media is being put under more pressure as Bush also struggles to answer every question on why he failed, why he continues to fail and what he will do to avoid future mishaps. How to cite American News Media, Papers

Customer Benefits Packages And Value Chains-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Customer Benefits Packages And Value Chains? Answer: Introducation The report would focus on the analysis of value chain and Customer Benefit Package. Two companies have been selected for the analysis from the same sector. The identified sector is the Telecom or the communication and information technology sector. In this sector Vodafone Australia is the telecommunication network service provider in the Australia and Samsung mobile Australia is the mobile communication device manufacturer and seller. In Australia Vodafone Hutchison Australia is the leading mobile text, voice and data service provider with 5.56 m active customer base in the country (Vodafone Australia, 2017). In its operation the company is serving through 120 retail stores around the country with more than 3000 employees. Samsung is one of the largest electronic companies in the world. Their mobile device company is one of the 200 subsidiaries that the company holds. In Australia Samsung mobile is one of the largest mobile handset sellers with around 30.4% market share Griffith, C. (2017).The company provides the Android platform to its mobile devices. Customer Benefit Package of Vodafone Australia (CBP) or Customer Benefit package is a customer point of view. This approach has the intangible and tangible features that the ordinary customer perceives, experience and pay for. This CBP consist of three different elementary factors. First element is the primary service or a good, next one is peripheral and the last one is variants. The primary service that Vodafone offers to the Australian customer is the mobile text, voice and data service. The consumer mainly uses the network for calling, using the internet or send message. On the other hand the second element that is the peripheral product or service is the value added product or service that the company offers to their customer (Heizer, 2016).For the 3G or 4G data service Vodafone provides modern to the customer to avail the service through one device and share with around 30 devices which are compatible in nature. Here the customer does not have to go to the other mobile device hardware manufacturer for modem. The variant in the package is completely different value addition. The product or the service would vary at large from the original service theme. The mobile device insurance plan by the Vodafone is the variant element in the total service package provided by the company (Vodafone Australia, 2017). The basis insurance plan provides the cover for the damage and the premium plan provides cover for the damage and theft or lost. Customer Benefit Package of Samsung mobile Australia For Samsung the primary product is the mobile communicating devices which are the mobiles phones and tabs. The main features that the customer expects hear is the connectivity through the device by using the network service providers SIM. The peripheral service here will add value to the main product or the service (Heizer, 2016).As a peripheral service that Samsung provides is the Android operating system to the customers. Earlier the mobile phones companies used to use their simple version of mobile operating system but as the mobile data use and the processing capacity of the devices increases the application software for different use become some value addition to these devices. In that context the Android operating system provides the right platform for those Apps to download and affectively use. The variant product or service comes with the same benefit package for the customer but not directly linked with the product theme. In case of Samsung mobile the product is the Iris and the Fingerprint scanning facility in the device (Samsung au, 2017). Comparison of CBP among both In both the CBP the tangible and intangible aspect of product is there though one is product based another one is service based company. In both the businesses the competition is high and that is why the peripheral and the variant element of the CBP become important for the product and service differentiation in the market. The peripheral product or service gets more priority in the Samsung. Here the product is costly and the buyers takes time to decide. That is why more product features which adds value to the product helps to attract the customer to buy (Smith et al., 2014). On the other hand in Vodafone the cost factor is low but the peripheral products and services help there to retain the customer by providing extra services. In the variant part the features of Samsung increase the device utility where as in the case of Vodafone it provides extra service type through the same value chain process Value chain analysis of Vodafone Australia The value chain of any company has the primary and secondary set of activity that is thoroughly designed to deliver the products or the services effectively to the customer (Smith et al., 2014). The primary set of activity would consist of the activity like operation, in and out bound logistics, sales and marketing, and service. On the other hand the secondary activities are the technology development, procurement, infrastructure and management of human resource. For the inbound logistics Vodafone Australia develop the infrastructure for the better service delivery. The 4G connection is able to cove around 22m citizen in the country. In the country the organisation is developing around 177 towers for the mobile network connection (Vodafone Australia, 2017). For the better operation the organisation deploys around 330 of its engineer every day for the network maintenance. 5500 network updates in last couple of years helped the organisation in its operation. Through its own billing system the services are services are renewed and bills are process in the outbound logistics. In Australia the organisation has around 120 owned stores through which the sales and customer service support are given to the customers. For the service the online, tele-calling and on store facilities are there. For the infrastructure spending in recent year the organisation spent around $3bn and that enabled them to launch the 30 days network guarantee program (Tucker, 2 015). For the 4G network aggregation of carrier of 850-1800 MHz Vodafone has completed the process. This has given the technological ability to provide the excellent performance to the customer (Karlovsky, 2015).In the management of the human resource the organisation provides freedom to the employee to explore and have status quo challenging attitude. The organisation promotes the diverse culture where they provide quality personal development support to the employee. In the procurement process the organisation has decided to implement cloud based procurement application Ariba to increase efficiency, collaboration and enhance the strategy based relationship (Vodafone.com, 2017). [Source: www.vodafoneintegratedreport.html5magazine.nl] Value chain and design of Samsung mobile In the primary activity of the company, the majority of the supplier comes from the Asian countries. As reported by the company, around 80% of the expenses for the supply chain of the company are from the Asian. The expense for EU is 4.4% and America 14.8% (samsung, 2016). To maintain the logistics the organisation owns many subsidiary companies. In Australia Samsung partners with the DB Schenker a leading organisation in logistics service (manmonthly.com.au, 2017). All of these come under the inbound logistics. In the manufacturing operation the first process is the general manufacturing that is the device hardware manufacturing, second is the manufacturing of the system that is the development and installation of the software and last one is the packaging assembly. In Australia the company uses the packaging solution of Packsize International (manmonthly.com.au, 2017).The outbound logistic is helpful for the organisation to deliver the products to the end customer. In the marketing and sales the organisation serves the customer through their dedicated Samsung stores in the Australia. The organisation provides the customer support through web and calling facility. The physical customer support is also given through the company owned stores. [Source: www. brandeminence.files.wordpress.com] In recent time Samsung had serious issue regarding quality and safety of the products. In that context the organisation has developed a strong quality assurance program and they assure that this new infrastructure would prevent such problems in future. In the technology development the organisation partners with many companies in Australia like Telstra, Commander, Optus, Community Telco Australia, Engin, APPT, Vidyo, Telikom PNG (samcom.com.au, 2017). For the management and development of its human resource the organisation follows 3 part training and development program. The Core training program is there to develop the core skills; the leadership program is for the leadership development and the expertise training program are for the development of the excellence (samsung, 2016). The reward and recognition system is also there for the development of the employee competency. Comparison of both Value chain These two companies are in the same business sector. But one is having tangible product that is Samsung mobile and another one is intangible product based business that is Vodafone. Vodafone is service based company. In the inbound logistics Vodafone is spending heavily but Samsung is using its existing infrastructure for this process. In the operation part maintenance of facility is the main concept for Vodafone where as for Samsung production efficiency is important (Fearne et al., 2012). For the outbound logistics system product delivery system is important for Samsung and their the forecasting of the demand is important where as in Vodafone the billing and mobile balance recharging system is important to provide quick service when needed. Mobile device market is highly competitive and that is why the product differentiation technique is highly used there. That is why the market budget and reliance on the external media for marketing is high for Samsung where as Vodafone can use i ts network to promote its different service to its existing customer and can also use the external media for promoting its high performance network (Crain and Abraham, 2008). For the selling process Samsung heavily dependent on the physical store though now a day the online store is also changing the scenario. Vodafone uses the digital platform for the sales and service process. In the infrastructure the main investment for Vodafone is for the better performance delivery. On the other hand the new investment is coming in the quality assurance and better product development part because of Samsungs product safety issue. For the development of the technology Samsung goes for extensive partnering process with other businesses whereas Vodafone invest in the own capacity building. The human resource development of the Vodafone is done through open participative environment. In Samsung the process is more focused on the competency and excellence development (Fearne et al., 2012). In the process of procurement also Samsung is focused on the subsidiary and partnership whereas Vodafone is more focused on the new technology use for the performance and productivity. Advantages and Disadvantages of Value chain in both The main advantage for Vodafone is the investment in the infrastructure and new technology. It will enhance the capacity of the company to provide the customer high quality service, maintain better longer relationship with the supplier and enhance performance. The main disadvantage is the structured planning of the human resource development in the company. On the other hand in Samsung the main advantage is the strong supplier base, development of core competency and excellence through the human resource (Crain and Abraham, 2008). The main disadvantage is that lack of investment in its own capacity technology building rather than partnering with other technology company which could have prevented the latest product safety issues. Conclusion The report shows that the implication of the CBP and the value chain in both product and service oriented company. Both the company is in the highly competitive market. The CBP and value chain is in that context is very important for attracting and retaining customer and also delivering the promised features and benefits to the customer with full customer satisfaction. Reference Crain, D. W., and Abraham, S. (2008). Using value-chain analysis to discover customers' strategic needs.Strategy Leadership,36(4), 29-39. Fearne, A., Garcia Martinez, M., and Dent, B. (2012). Dimensions of sustainable value chains: implications for value chain analysis.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,17(6), 575-581. Griffith, C. (2017).iPhone sales soar. [online] Theaustralian.com.au. Available at: https://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/technology/a-fillip-to-apple-phone-sales/news-story/9cf815cbc6bddf7d6eb7ac17533a7960 [Accessed 11 Aug. 2017]. Heizer, J. (2016).Operations Management, 11/e. Pearson Education India. Karlovsky, B. (2015).Vodafone completes carrier aggregation across 4G metro network. [online] arnnet.com.au. Available at: https://www.arnnet.com.au/article/570175/vodafone-completes-carrier-aggregation-across-4g-metro-network/ [Accessed 11 Aug. 2017]. manmonthly.com.au. (2017).Packsize wins manufacturing award with Samsung in Sydney - Manufacturers' Monthly. [online] Available at: https://www.manmonthly.com.au/news/packsize-wins-manufacturing-award-samsung-sydney/ [Accessed 11 Aug. 2017]. samcom.com.au. (2017).Our Partners | Samsung Communications (Australia). [online] Available at: https://www.samcom.com.au/our-partners/ [Accessed 11 Aug. 2017]. Samsung au. (2017).Galaxy S. [online] Available at: https://www.samsung.com/au/smartphones/galaxy-s/ [Accessed 11 Aug. 2017]. samsung. (2016).SAMSUNG SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2016. [online] Available at: https://www.samsung.com/us/aboutsamsung/sustainability/sustainabilityreports/download/2016/2016-samsung-sustainability-report-eng.pdf [Accessed 11 Aug. 2017]. Smith, L., Maull, R., and CL Ng, I. (2014). Servitization and operations management: a service dominant-logic approach.International Journal of Operations Production Management,34(2), 242-269. TUCKER, H. (2015).How Vodafone came back from Vodafail. [online] NewsComAu. Available at: https://www.news.com.au/technology/gadgets/mobile-phones/how-vodafone-came-back-from-vodafail/news-story/65eb96d2487efc3b5d3ca251e4d259be [Accessed 11 Aug. 2017]. Vodafone Australia. (2017).Information about Vodafone.. [online] Available at: https://www.vodafone.com.au/about/company [Accessed 11 Aug. 2017]. Vodafone.com. (2017).Vodafone suppliers. [online] Available at: https://www.vodafone.com/content/index/about/suppliers.html# [Accessed 11 Aug. 2017].

Phylicia nixon Essays (154 words) - Tourism, Anaheim, California

Phylicia nixon "FUN2016" VACATION ADVENTU RES Hurry and book now for one of our special FUN2016 vacation packages. Book within the next two weeks and you will be eligible for our special discount savings as well as earn a complimentary $100 gift card you can use at any of the resorts in our FUN2016 plan. FUN2016 Disneyland Adventure 376237551371500Roundtrip air fare to Los Angeles, CaliforniaThree-night hotel accommodationsThree-day Resort Ticket24-hour traveler assistance right33147000 395287531686500FUN2016 Florida Adventure roundtrip airfare to Orlando, FloridaSeven-night hotel accommodations Four-day Resort TicketTwo-day Bonus TicketFree transportation to some sites FUN2016 Cancun Adventure Roundtrip airfare to Cancun, MexicoFive-night hotel accommodations and hotel taxesFree shuttle to and from the airportTwo excursion tickets Book a complete air/hotel FUN2016 vacation package and SAVE on fall travel! Bookings must be made by October 1, 2016, for travel October 30 through December 19, 2016 (blackout dates apply). Take advantage of these fantastic savings!

Punctuation Marks as Transitional Signposts

Punctuation Marks as Transitional Signposts Punctuation Marks as Transitional Signposts Punctuation Marks as Transitional Signposts By Mark Nichol Punctuation is a support system to enhance the organizational flow of a sentence. Often, it also provides transitional cues, and for clarity, it’s important to make that distinction by using specific punctuation marks. Here are three sentences improved by choosing the correct punctuation from various alternatives. 1. She has seen this happen before, several times in fact. When a sentence takes an abrupt turn in syntactical flow, as here, the sturdy em dash (usually called simply a dash) should be called in to strengthen the transition; a comma is also required between the primary modifying phrase â€Å"several times† and â€Å"in fact,† which in turn modifies the previous phrase: â€Å"She has seen this happen before- several times, in fact.† (Using a dash in place of what is now the first of two commas also clarifies to the reader that the dash represents a more significant transition than the weaker comma does.) 2. The country has benefited from an influx of young workers- namely undocumented immigrants. Here, a dash correctly signals an abrupt transition, but the sentence displays the common error of failing to punctuate after the adverb namely. (The equivalent phrases â€Å"that is to say† and â€Å"to wit† would be supplied with a comma, so for consistency, namely should also.) In this case, a comma would be correct in place of the dash, but as in the previous example, the dash sends a message that it represents the more significant of two punctuation marks: â€Å"The country has benefited from an influx of young workers- namely, undocumented immigrants.† 3. He’s sending a message by his actions is what he’s doing. A grammatically flawed statement such as this should never be published unless the writer is reporting a direct quotation, and even then, the idea can be expressed in a paraphrase. Instead of â€Å"‘He’s sending a message by his actions is what he’s doing,’ said Smith,† the writer can report, â€Å"Smith said that, by his actions, Jones is sending a message.† (A careful speaker would render the sentence more print friendly by saying, â€Å"What he’s doing by his actions is sending a message,† but reporters should not correct the grammar of those they interview.) If the quotation must be published verbatim, insert a comma before â€Å"is what he’s doing† to indicate that this is a tacked-on addendum to the main clause: â€Å"He’s sending a message by his actions, is what he’s doing.† Technically, a stronger punctuation mark such as a semicolon or a dash is called for, to suggest that the second part of the sentence is a truncation of an independent clause (â€Å"that is what he is doing†), but these marks seem intrusive; a comma is a more subtle marker of a change in the sentence’s syntactical structure. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Synonyms for â€Å"Leader†How to Punctuate Descriptions of ColorsHow often is "bimonthly"?

Markets; Price determination and resource allocation Essay

Markets; Price determination and resource allocation - Essay Example The diagram below presents the picture of a market. Each variable is shown as interrelated to each other. Things to be produced are determined by the decisions of the buyers whether to purchase or not the available products like food, clothing and housing. Adjustments on product creation basically depends on the demand in the goods market. The method of production applied in creating the product are decided based on the level of competition of producers. Efficiency is the fundamental criteria in choosing for the method and it depends on the prices prevailing on factors of production like land, labor and capital and the prices of the output like food, clothing and housing. Producers would want to minimize cost to meet the price competition. Concerns regarding for whom the products are depend on the nature of supply and demand for inputs. Prices of inputs serve as income and ascertain the ability to purchase product. As a whole, a competitive market presents the price system brought ab out by correspondence of supply and demand and resources are allocated efficiently without intervention. Given the mechanisms of a market, the law of supply and demand enters to present information of market equilibrium. The law of supply and demand asserts that the equilibrium market price of a certain commodity is where supply equals demand. Equilibrium, on the other hand, is a state which when attained will be maintained. As shown in the succeeding diagram, the demand curve is negatively sloping because an increase in price reduces the amount of purchases. The demand curve shifts to the right because of several factors: increase in the price of substitutes, decrease in the price of complements, increase in income, change in preference for the product and special influences in favor of the product. The reverse causes the shift of the demand curve to the left. Looking at the diagram, the supply curve is shown to slope positively because a price increase stimulates production.

Trends in Health Information Systems and Applications (slp4) Essay

Trends in Health Information Systems and Applications (slp4) - Essay Example The military’s electronic health record is the Armed Forces Health Longitudinal Technology Application (AHLTA), which provides secure online access to MHS beneficiaries records (Defense Health Information Management System [DHIMS], n.d.). This is an effective system that allows convenient global access to needed records without requiring too much time. With AHLTA, there is an assurance of continued care and enjoyment of benefits. The online enrollment easily allows beneficiaries to update personal information. This technology is efficient especially in cases new addresses or change of numbers. When the beneficiary logs on the website to update information or enroll in a certain health program, the rest of his or her records are also immediately updated. Online drug comparison permits TRICARE beneficiaries to â€Å"check for availability, costs, alternatives and details about the prescription medication all in one place,† (TRICARE, n.d.) thus they are given options on ho w health care would be provided according to their preferences and needs. Automated patient safety technology is an important innovation that looks into past and present records and treatment of the beneficiary in order to provide the optimum care and preventing complications at the same time.

Communicative ethics in the workplace Term Paper

Communicative ethics in the workplace - Term Paper Example Differing environments and diverse job classes cater to a wide variety of mental wavelengths as well as sociological and psychological characteristics each pertaining to an individual area of expertise. When postulating the idea of communicative efforts to breed desired results in any given situation, a careful analysis of the environment is key to success. Discussing the idea of communicative ethics in a precise manner is going to help us understand the underlying factors that make up human interaction in each scenario. Sticking to a very general and concise approach, each branch of communication involving diplomacy, creating credibility, and building trust will be elaborated on by examining ethical relations in varying contexts. Ethics is defined by two categories of thought relating on how to examine human actions within a specific paradigm. The first of these is called categorical ethics, whose main idea is defined primarily by Immanuel Kant as the â€Å"categorical imperativeâ € . The categorical imperative states specifically that actions can be either right or wrong, that they must be categorized in some way or fashion and thrown into a labeled dichotomy. The basis of his idea stems from the humanistic quality of desire. If a human being needs or wants something then inherently the human will seek out a path of attaining what he or she so desires. Determining factors as to the actual motivations behind the desire are what Kant zeroes in on and labels as good or bad. The deeper aspects of the categorical imperative are a syllogism to measure out the morality of the action. By developing the ability to analyze given situations in varying circumstances we gain the ability to determine what action to take will have the most beneficial outcome for us as an individual. The desire for a specific outcome will change the shape of the methodology used to acquire it (Cheney, 2004). Discursive ethics are then bound by whether or not individuals are engaged in di scourse for the basis of self motivation or a common understanding of the ethical dilemma of the other individual. This brings about the idea of subjective ethics, or whether or not when two humans engage in communicative discourse do they in fact consider or perceive each other’s subjectivity. This idea really stems away from the right and wrong dichotomy of Kantian ethics and displays the characteristics of meshing into the gray area. Subjective ethics takes the approach of rationally analyzing different situations and determining a basis of value for an action that may or may not be all good or all bad, sometimes completely being in between. In terms of corporate or social responsibility even imagine the topic of CEO compensation. How much compensation is really able to be classified as good or bad, more or less, enough or too much? Being virtuous and steadfast with decisions in the social world tends to breed positive results, overzealous attitudes and lax performance do not. Edmund Burke stated that each human in themselves carries a â€Å"lamp of experience† (Sherman, 2009). This lamp is a guiding light which illuminates all experiences which shape the subjective reality of an individual, therefore making each human interaction a subjective experience in which no one human can truly understand the subjectivity of another due to the lamps having taken each one on a different path in life. However, the closer two individuals come to understanding the subjective nature in the interactions taking place, the more value that can be placed on the discourse therein (Sherman, 2009). The idea of communication being utilized by any individual for the purpose of developing complex social relationships in the workplace will be analyzed thoroughly by examining what it is to use communicative ethics, understanding the diverse differences between workplace environments and their impact on communicative structure, and finally by grasping the total net profi ts and

Equine Assisted Psychotherapy (EAP) for Addiction | Proposal

Equine Assisted Psychotherapy (EAP) for Addiction | Proposal Equine Assisted Psychotherapy (EAP): Can EAP help in the treatment of addiction? If one looks at the statistics for addiction, it is staggering. The annual cost to the NHS for alcohol abuse alone is  £3 billion, with an estimated population of recreational or addicted users of illicit drugs at 50 million (â€Å"Breaking the cycle,† 2006). The annual cost to Wales and England from drug abuse is greater than  £18.8 billion (â€Å"Breaking the cycle,† 2006). Goodman (1990) defines addiction to include the addict’s inability or failure to control their own behaviour and the continuation of said behaviour despite the presence of negative behavioural consequences. Addictions address many forms of deviant behaviour ranging from recreational or pharmaceutical drug use to gambling to sex to overeating. While the mechanism of addiction may vary, the profile of the addict is similar. Therefore, treatments to effectively treat addictions are critical. Although cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and/or the use of pharmaceutical agents are often prescribed to treat the addict, both of these methods are costly, can prove invasive and are time consuming than EAP, one of the newer alternative treatments for addicts (â€Å"Horse power, 2005). The origins of EAP began over 200 years ago when German physicians employed horseback riding for the treatment of hysteria related mental illness (Riede, 1988 as cited by Frewin Gardiner, 2005). While the employment of horseback riding has been shown to help the physical, psychomotor and psychological realms of the patient, EAP does not include horseback riding. Instead it incorporates exercises using the horse as a barometer. Researchers (Christensen, 2006; Schultz, Remick-Barlow Robbins, 2007; Frewin and Gardiner, 2005; Vidrine, Owen-Smith Faulkner, 2002) tell us that horses provide an immediate sense of feedback through their actions to the addict, often called mirroring that allows the addict to immediately realize what it is in their own behaviour that cause the reaction it did in the horse. â€Å"The client is encouraged to use interpretation and insight so that they can start developing new ways of being around the horse,† with themselves and in society. This allows the therapist to both see the horse as a therapeutic aid, but also a more important diagnostic tool (Thompson, 2005). Research (Thompson, 2005; â€Å"Equine assisted activities, 2006) tells us that when the patient learns how to connect with and automatically control the horse, they have the opportunity to learn how to control and better understand themselves. Mann and Williams (2002 as cited by Frewin Gardiner, 2005) cite an 82 percent improvement rate in conduct, mood and psychotic manifestations in patients who have tried conventional therapies for many years. The EAP basis for treatment of addictions believes that if you act on an addiction, you are most likely not connected to your own sense of emotions and self. Connecting with the horse requires that you do (Lavender, 2005 as cited by Thompson, 2005). EAP has been successfully used in the treatment of addiction by many famous dramatic personalities, such as Sophie Anderton, Be Affleck, Christian Slater and Robert Downey Jr. (Thompson, 2005) helping to increase their sense of â€Å"self-esteem, personal confidence, interpersonal effectiveness, trust, boundaries and limit setting† all of which are lacking in the addict, creating the weakness and dependency on detrimental substances or behaviour. Many addicted individuals do not seek treatment; however, for those that do, often the wait is 18 months or longer due to the limited funding for mental health treatment in the UK (â€Å"Addition Today,† 2007) whereas EAP is available at The Priory, a north London clinic. As alternatives to standard NHS sponsored CBT and pharmaceutical treatment are sorely needed, this dissertation proposes research into the effectivity of EAP in the treatment of addiction. Aims This dissertation asks the following research questions: Is it possible to prove the therapeutic efficacy of EAP? Is EAP an effective and quicker therapeutic substitute for the treatment of addictions than cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)? Is EAP helpful in the treatment of addictions? Based on answering these research questions this dissertation seeks to prove the following two hypotheses: Those suffering from addictions find EAP is a powerful and effective therapeutic technique for the treatment of their addictions. Those providing treatment find EAP an ethical approach to the treatment of addictions. Method Research for this dissertation will consist of a formal literature review and a dual-leg qualitative study. The literature review will be conducted using a series of academic searches for information through library systems, online academic systems and other subscription based professional research databases, such as Questia or Highbeam. Similarly, professional psychological and medical sites and associations will be reviewed for current literature as well as those professional sites developed for specialized research into alcohol addiction and related topics. Governmental, national and world health associations will also be reviewed for current literature as well as research and development efforts and governmental initiatives. All articles chosen must be written in English, be published in the last 15 years, be published in professional journals and be authored by credible and qualified professionals in their respective fields. Following the literature review, this researcher will conduct a dual leg qualitative study composed of both interpersonal interviews and a survey instrument. Addicts who have participated in both standard treatment and EAP will be utilized for interviews and will be recruited through notices posted at EAP treatment centres, 12 step recovery meeting. After signing appropriate waivers for both taping the interviews and potentially using quotations as appropriate from interviews, interviewees will be asked a series of questions designed to elicit open-ended responses. All care will be taken to prevent researcher bias by asking each participant the same questions in the same manner and order. Survey participants will be comprised of therapists specialising in addiction and will be recruited through direct mailings to therapists and therapy centres specialising in addiction with questions on the instrument focusing on treatment for addiction, efficacy of CBT, efficacy of pharmaceutical ag ents, efficacy of EAP and the ethical considerations of each treatment modality. Although a phenomenological approach has limitations due to potential researcher bias in theme identification and in participants self-reporting what they believe the research wants to hear, Gorgio (2002, p. 136) believes effective researchers can identify and obtain â€Å"a clarification of the conditions from human subjects the descriptive phenomenological method implements this strategy. Indeed, it is an extension of the very spirit of science.† Ashworth (2003, p. 145) tells us that phenomenological psychology in the UK focuses on the interrogation of real world experiences, such that both participant and researcher can focusing on the problems or situation and apply meaning based on context and content. Analysis Consistent with a phenomenological approach, the analysis will be performed through the use of theme identification when reviewing group interview transcripts from which to prove or disprove the dissertation hypothesis. Questionnaires will be statistically analysed using frequency distributions based on the Likert-scale responses. Workplan *May vary slightly due to holiday schedules References The Addiction Recovery Foundation. (2007). Addiction Today. Retrieved 14 August 2007, from The Addiction Recovery Foundation website: http://www.addictiontoday.org Ashworth, P. (2003). An approach to phenomenological psychology: The contingencies of lifeworld. Journal of Phenomenological Psychology, 34(2), 145 – 156. Breaking the Cycle of Addiction. (2006). The Living Room. Retrieved 14 August 2007, from The Living Room website: http://thelivingroom.me.uk/stats.htm Christensen, M. (2006, 25 April). The healing power of horses: Equine therapy helps emotionally distressed. Times-News (Twin Falls, Idaho). Retrieved 14 August 2007, from the Highbeam professional database website: http Equine assisted activities. (2006). Palaestra, 22(3), 48. Frewin, K. Gardiner, B. (2005). New age or old sage? A review of equine assisted psychotherapy. Australian Journal of Counselling and Psychology, 6, 13 – 17. Goodman, A. (1990). Addiction: Definition and implications. British Journal of Addiction, 85(11), 1403 – 1408. Gorgio, A. (2002). The question of validity in qualitative research. Journal of Phenomenological Psychology, 33(4), 135-147. Horse power; Olivia Stewart-Liberty was at the end of her tether until she tried a new therapy thats already a hit in Hollywood. Meet the four-legged therapist who got her back in the saddle. (2005, 18 November). The Evening Standard (London, England). Retrieved 14 August 2007, from the Highbeam professional database website: http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-2581505.html Schultz, P. N., Remick-Barlow, G. A. Robbins, L. (2007). Equine assisted psychotherapy: A mental health promotion/intervention modality for children who have experienced intra-family violence. Health and Social Care in the Community 15(3), 265 – 271. Thompson, J. (2005, 23 October). The Priory enlists horses to treat the anxious, the angry and the † The Independent on Sunday. Retrieved 14 August 2007, from The Findarticles database website: http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4159/is_20051023/ai_n15720133 Vidrine, M. I., Owen-Smith, P. Faulkner, P. (2002). Equine-facilitated group psychotherapy: Applications for therapeutic vaulting. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 23(6), 587 – 603.

Essay --

Most developing countries face tough challenges to grow in consequences of the poverty trap: counting limited access to credit and capital markets, inefficient and corrupted governance, and fundamentally a lack of opportunities for them to escape from the poverty thread wheel. And Peru located in South America had not been an exception in this scenario up till the informal housing emerged. In the book named the other path, the author demonstrates an interesting study in Peru’s case of the informal housing that ultimately advanced the urban development. And his assertion implies to be very convincing; however, some may argue that outcomes of urban development through informal housing may be highly complicated and risky. Thus, it would be appropriate for the Peruvian government to find ways to prevent any additional informal housing complications in Peru and combine its policies to upgrade its citizens’ quality of life; focusing on human development and economic developm ent simultaneously. The author, Hernando de Soto, describes how the urban development has highly evolved in Peru, essentially through informal housing; informal meaning as basically against the law. According to the author, informal housing did not accidentally happened in the Peruvian society; despite everything planned in advance since the poor desperately sought for their own opportunities and property rights that the Peruvian government was not able to administer. Informality arose as a result of Peruvian citizens’ responses to the state’s incapacity to satisfy the basic needs of the impoverished masses. Hence the Peruvian citizens had to violate the law in order to build shelters and develop their own neighborhoods, building infrastructure in their own after il... ...ional steps to advance the quality of its people’s lives in consideration of the human development, providing enhanced public services or social welfares for an example. Hernando de Soto’s argument assures the unavoidable informal progress in urban areas in Peru because of inefficient governmental policies on informal housing. As the author argues, perhaps the informal housing did successfully contributed to give chances to the poor; however, in order to minimize the loss and disadvantages, the government absolutely needs to prevent further informal housing along with policies focusing on the human development meanwhile. His emphasis also leaves big questions, such as how much positive impacts do the poor really get from the credit market, along with how Peru’s informal development case can be replicated in other developing countries without negative ramifications.

Aman Resorts Essay

Aman Resorts operates at 26 unique locations all over the world, portraying â€Å"peace, uniqueness and family†. It targets high net worth individuals who like to be out of their normal lifestyle and enjoy their family time relaxed and differently, away from the pressures of work. Aman Resorts are located in select tranquil locations and provide a very unique and localized experience. Such uniqueness is the key competitive advantage against other resorts, which helps it to retain a lot of its loyal repeat customers. In addition to the above uniqueness, Aman Resorts does an excellent job at creating value just by listening to its clients. Customers like to be treated as individuals and enjoy how they are looked after, whether it’s the driver taking them to locations that would most interest them or to stocking the fridge with the customers preferred drinks. While this seems like common sense, customers will prefer to go to Aman Resorts, and pay the premium for going there, even though their rooms are simpler and more expensive than other resorts such as the Four Seasons. The personalized service further reinforces the leading position in its competition against other resorts. Aman doesn’t have more than 40 rooms on average at each location and no two resorts are alike, even if they are in the same country, which helps Aman command a premium price and helps position itself as a premium brand. Meanwhile, Aman Resorts sustains its brand power and relies heavily on word of mouth and online marketing to its loyal clientele, aversive to traditional means of advertising and providing discounts. However, learning more about the customer could theoretically be done by any hotel based on what data is being gathered. If a hotel chain notices that you always drink Diet Coke out of the mini fridge, for example, they can make sure that when you stay the fridge is stocked. While this would be impractical for motels and low to middle end hotels, this would certainly be beneficial for hotels and resorts in the same category as Aman such as the Four Seasons or Ritz-Carlton, which could provide personalized service in addition to modern amenities. We have listed two possible challenges to the Aman model. The first challenge is from potential customers in emerging markets. China is a huge market for Aman. In China, people used to live in a very simple and natural life.  However, as the economy has exponentially grown in the last thirty years, many people have acquired an increasing amount of disposable income and are in greater need of special places for their vacation and leisure. Aman is undoubtedly a great place for them. However, the idea of simplified lifestyle may not be attractive to customers from emerging markets like China and others in the rest of Asia. That’s why some customers even complained that there wasn’t even a TV in the room or wireless internet at some Aman locations, when all the other luxury hotels in the area offer those as standard amenities for much lower room rates. We suggest that Aman provide luxury amenities, fine dining, and technological equipment and services to Chinese customers. Currently, Aman has only one resort in Beijing, China. Aman can find more great places in the west of China, where there are great and unique views. Generally speaking, Aman can improve on some of the spartan offerings in some of its locations by providing television, internet services and other modern amenities to customers who prefer having them while staying at their resorts. It could also standardize some of the essential offerings that a majority of its customers have requested across all its resorts, to maximize loyalty and appreciation among them. The second challenge Aman faces is from competing resorts in the area. An independant company or an existing resort can always create a new resort chain that offers similar services to Aman with regards to beautiful locations and attention to customer service and undercut Aman on price. While it may take them a while to catch up to Aman’s status, they could theoretically offer the same services in different locations.

Mtn Nigeria Roll Out Strategy

MTN NIGERIA COMMUNICATIONS LIMITED Prior to 1999, which heralded the return of democracy to the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 30 companies had the Digital Mobile License (DML). None of these companies were fully operational as the lacked the technical and financial capability to operate the DML. Aside from the digital mobile licensee, the only active player who was more or less a monopoly was Nitel.The advent of democracy resulted in the appointment of a new regulator for the telecommunications industry. One of the mandates given to the regulator was to deregulate the telecommunications sector and to drive it to become an enabler of the Nigerian economy. The regulator’s first move was to revoke all DML licenses, free up the spectrums associated with the licenses and then open up the licenses to all that is interested.After a due diligence, going thru technical and financial bids, six players were invited to bid for three of the four spectrums put up for sale (the fourth was res erved for Nitel, the government owned company). After a very competitive, free and fair bidding process, MTN Nigeria Limited emerged as one of the winning bids, paying $285m for the license. As part of the terms to retaining the license, each operator of the DML license was to use the GSM technology. They were all given roll out targets, and targets on subscriber base. ROLL OUT STRATEGYAt a strategy management meeting, MTN identified that aside from ensuring that the roll out and subscriber base targets are met, they also have to ensure what ever strategy that is implemented will ensure that investment in the cost of the license and building of the network is recoverable and sustainable. Two roll out strategies were identified: Width strategy and Depth strategy or a combination of both. Whichever strategy was chosen, the marketing team were to ensure that the necessary marketing strategy, slogan and drive support it

Energy and Life Essays - Photosynthesis, Chloroplast, Thylakoid

Energy and Life Essays - Photosynthesis, Chloroplast, Thylakoid Energy and Life Plants and some other type of organisms are able to use light energy from the sun to produce food. Organisms such as plants, which make their own food, are called autotrophs. Other organisms, such as animals, cannot use the suns energy directly, these are known as heterotrophs. They obtain energy from the foods they consume. One of the principal chemical compounds that living things use to store energy is adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The energy released when ATP is released when ATP is converted into ADP and a phosphate group. The characteristics of ATP make it an exceptionally useful molecule that is used by all types of cells as their basic energy source. ATP also powers movement within the cell. Cell organelles are moved long microtubules by motor proteins that use the energy of ATP to generate force. A single molecule if the sugar glucose stores more than 90 times the chemical energy of a molecule of ATP. In the process of photosynthesis, plants use the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates sugars and starches. In the 1600s, the Belgian physician Jan van Helmont devised an experiment to find out if plants grew by taking material out of the soil. Many scientists have contributed to understanding how plants carry out photosynthesis. Early research focused on the overall process. Later researchers investigated the detailed chemical pathways. The experiments performed by van Helmont, Priestley, Ingenhouz, and other scientists reveal that in the presence of light, plants transform carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates and release oxygen. Photosynthesis is a series of reactions that uses energy from the sun to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars and oxygen. Photosynthesis takes place in a plant organelle called the chloroplast. Photosynthesis uses the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy sugars. Plants then use the sugars to produce complex carbohydrates such as starches. Plants obtain carbon dioxide from the air or water in which they grow. In addition to water and carbon dioxide, photosynthesis requires light and chlorophyll, a molecule in charge of chloroplasts. Plants gather the suns energy with light absorbing molecules called pigments. The plants principal pigment is chlorophyll. In plants and other photosynthetic eukaryotes, photosynthesis takes place inside chloroplasts. The chloroplasts contain saclike photosynthetic membranes called thylakoids. Thylakoids are arranged in stacks known as grana. Thylakoids contain clusters of chlorophyll and other pigments and protein known as photosystems that are able to capture the energy of sunlight. The stroma is the region outside the thylakoid membranes. Light Dependent Reactions: Take place in the thylakoids, and takes water, and uses the suns energy to make ATP and NADPH. Also gives off oxygen. NADPH: Carries high energy electrons. NADP^+ + H NADPH. Light Independent Uses ATP and NADPH to turn carbon dioxide into glucose.

Marketing Plan for White Appliances Inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Marketing Plan for White Appliances Inc - Essay Example White Appliances Inc. primarily focuses on meeting the needs of the high-income customer segment and this strategy will call upon the company to serve customers across the various income segments including the lower-income segment. This study has identified that the company’s positioning strategies should focus on differentiating the company’s products from the other products variety provided by competitors. The pricing strategy identified also allows the company to launch its brand in the market and build relationships that promotes the customer-business relations this study has used push strategy to optimize use of the available distribution channels. This strategy will help the company to offer distributors some generous discounts that would enable them achieve the objectives of giving the distribution channels incentives. This study has done market intelligence to analyze customers and competitors and has also conducted micro and macro environment analysis using SWO T and PEST analysis. Creating product awareness and improving customers’ knowledge about the product are important in achieving the desired market presence. Background of the company White Appliance Inc. is one of the international companies in America that manufacture and markets its appliance products globally. Microwave ovens are one of the company’s product lines with production plants in United States and in Asia. White Appliances Inc. Produces and markets its products to high-income customers across its global market. ... 16). Microwave products refer to the cooking devices that help in both cooking and reheating of food by passing the foods to be heated through electromagnetic radiations that emanate from all directions. Company’s situation analysis Goals: White Appliances Inc aims at penetrating microwave oven market in India cutting at all prices segments. The company has mainly focused on high price segment but it has established the need to cut across all other market segments (Mills 2002, p.3). The company also aims at increasing its market share in India; currently the company has very limited market presence. White Appliances Inc. also looks forward to changing consumer conceptions about microwave in the market. Focus: the main focus of White Appliances Inc. is to penetrate Indian market at all price levels by shifting consumer conceptions or mindsets concerning microwave ovens and also by educating customers on the usage of microwave in cooking and reheating of food (Cateora et al 2009 , p. 43). Corporate culture: White Appliances is committed to manufacturing and marketing of superior products ranging from scooters to soda pop to kitchen appliances. The company is innovation driven and it corporate culture has also exhibited reliability, high quality and excellence. The company is committed to meeting customers’ needs and in this regard it has focused on improving the understanding of customers about their products. The company is sensitive to customers’ views and its uses the views to determine customers’ satisfaction (Mohr et al 2009, p. 5). Strengths of the company: the company has familiarized itself in the Indian market as seen in the high-models developed for the Indian market.

Critical Evaluation and Appraisal of the P.F.I. and role of the Essay - 1

Critical Evaluation and Appraisal of the P.F.I. and role of the External Auditor in assessment of value for money - Essay Example The Private Finance Initiative grants private companies the right to design, finance, and manage the public facilities. The initiative favorably does not increase our nation’s national debt. In fact, the initiative did not form part of the total national debt calculation during 2005 and 2006 to comply with FRS 5 requirements. FRS 5 requires the Public Finance Initiatives are not shown as liabilities in the company’s financial statements (. There are advantages of the Public Finance Initiatives. The initiative contributes value for money to the government. Another advantage is the government’s not being required to borrow money or invest in the construction of public service facilities. The HM Treasury Department correctly affirms the Private Finance Initiative (PFI) was the best value for money procurement alternative, using private funds to implement government projects. One Liverpool City Council leader affirmed the Private Finance Initiative (PFI) provided the value for money source for the construction of the Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals. Professor Ron Hodges similarly agreed stating PFI may be the only available fund source with the government’s low budget constraints (Tyrie, 2011). There are disadvantages of the Public Finance Initiatives. One disadvantage is the increased risks. Another disadvantage is the possible mismanagement of the facilities, generating complaints from several sectors. In one situation, the NHS correctly selected two private firms’ bids for its 1999 - 2000 Public Finance Initiative projects. One of the bidders did not submit any bids. Consequently, the lone bidder increased its bid price by 33 percent. The absence of other bids persuaded the lone bidder to increase its bid price, monopolising the bid process (Corner, 2006). The Private Finance Initiative (PFI) correctly represents the government’s

The Benefits of Hands-on Training Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The Benefits of Hands-on Training - Essay Example For the purposes of this paper, an OH&S inspection tour of a meat-processing plant has been established (more details of this tour can be found in Appendix A). The discussion of this tour answers four main questions: I outlined the problem at hand: how to design a training tool that would meet the needs of trainees. I made an outline that represented the challenges and requirements, and focused on the key tenets that I wanted trainees to bring away from their time at the meat-processing plant. These key tenets are contained in Appendix A. My prior experience in taking and conducting inspection tours helped me in compiling a list of requirements for participants to follow, educational activities, pre-trip instruction for my trainees, and a list of procedures for the training day itself. This movement from prior memory to existing project was the result of schema activation. The actual task of conducting the inspection, as outlined in Appendix A, shows how I took the problem and broke it down into such parts as the site and time of the inspection, the particular trainees, my goals and objectives, the specific training activities, and ways to evaluate the quality of the training. As fa As far as personal involvement goes, the development of the training procedure originated in my own personal experiences and memories, and the schema formation showed considerable time and reflection. Additionally, the process of choosing specific training activities and eliminating other potential activities demonstrates a level of critical thinking (Bruning, Schraw, Ronning 1999). Another way to describe this process of critical examination, combined with preparation of a specific task, is metacognition, which connects knowledge and regulation of cognition (Schraw, 1998). Task Analysis: Question Two Before entering the training environment, the participants will receive a set of problems to solve while they are engaged in the exercise. Another of Gick's diagrams (1986) can be used to show the mental processes involved: Here, the dotted line represents the mental process used by the participants to move from problem to solution. Because the process of inspecting a meat-processing plant will be new to most, if not all, of the trainees, there will be no schema based on prior experience (Tovey, 1999). Several

Nordstrom Rewards Its Customers Essay Example for Free

Nordstrom Rewards Its Customers Essay Nordstrom is a great place to go shopping and receive rewards while spending money. Nordstrom shoppers automatically become members of Nordstrom’s Fashion Rewards program when they people sign up for the store’s credit. When each person accumulates 2,000 points, then they receive a $20 Nordstrom Note, a gift certificate redeemable for Nordstrom merchandise or services. In the book one of the questions is â€Å"what are the design characteristics of an effective loyalty program.† The structure of their loyalty program and how they use the data collected through the program to make informed product, marketing and customer experience decisions are key to its success. The store’s frequent customers will be able to get perks like custom shopping parties and tickets to in-store fashion shows after shelling out just half as much as they used to spend to qualify for rewards. Loyalty marketing is and should always be much bigger than points, thresholds or incentives. It is about changing and influencing behavior in a proactive manner that creates long-term brand advocates who, in turn, enter into a dialogue with the brand. Nordstrom’s program is effective for a number of key reasons. First, even the lower levels of Nordstrom’s loyalty program are engaging because they offer meaningful soft benefits and because it’s aspirational, members remain engaged; they aspire to be at the higher tiers in the program so they can get the bigger rewards. Another question asks is the Nordstrom program worth what it spends to reward customers. I think it does because when you reward your customers then they would want to come into the store and buy their supplies to build up their points. When they do that then they get awards. Example would be I have a credit card and I receive points, the more I spend then the more money I get off from that store. I use my card all the time and I go and pay it off. I would get a credit card from any store I shop at if they reward me to use it.

Personal development of employees within marks and spencer

Personal development of employees within marks and spencer Personal improvement or development involves the actions that enhance personal knowledge and individuals entity, improve the hidden talent potential, and develop talents. It improves the individuals life standards and makes him professional person that can easily convert his dreams into the reality. The word personal development is not only related to the individuals skills and attitude it also improves the behaviors, attitude and ethics of others. At the end we can say that personal development is also plays a vital role in the improvement of the organizations structure that can be a organizational strategies, evaluation methods, and provide help to improve the strategies of the organization. Personal development is vast topic and it provides a good help in the dynamic business environment because of personal development the individual can improve his skills and knowledge that helps to develop the strategical ambitions of the organization. And these improved skills like knowledge, attitude, and behavior are vary important and necessary to achieve the long term goals and ambitions of the organization in a real sense. The organization that I have chosen for this assignment is Marks Spencer that is doing business of retail out let in the United Kingdom (UK). Since the 1880s, it is doing business on the strict customs that is spread in all over the United Kingdom (UK). Now the Marks Spencer is considered as the one of the very famous in the retail outlets. Even in the services of food the Marks Spencer has created it good name in the eyes of the customer in the whole United Kingdom (U K). Particularly in 1990s there was bid decline in the sales of the Marks Spencer and as well as overall performance of the organization. But with a lot of changes now the Marks Spencer is offering the high quality products at very reasonable prices to attract and win the confidence of its customers. First of all in this assignment I tried to identify and evaluate the individuals skills and behaviour that is necessary to fulfil the aims and objectives of the Marks Spencer. And after that I am going to discuss the leadership development and personal development tools and techniques. Strategy is direction to achieve the goals and objectives of the organization. OR Strategy is track through the organization can achieve its long term plans. Strategy provides a way to organization through which organization can fulfill its objectives by using its resources in a dynamic environment to congregate the requirements of the market. The mission statement of the Marks Spencer is Making inspirational quality accessible to all And the vision statement of the Marks Spencer is The standard against which all others are measured The values of the Marks Spencer are Quality, value, service, innovation and trust Marks Spencer wishes to expend its business all over the world and it can be achieved by the companys strategies of to understand the global culture, to select the proper target market and by niche market and in a real sense this is the main objective and aims of the Marks Spencers to be achieved. Evaluate the strategic skills required of the leader to achieve the strategic ambitions The strategic goals of the Marks Spencer is to be the number one in United Kingdom (UK) market and as well as to expand it business activities. Leader plays a vital role in the progress of the organization because the leaders have the future vision and direction for the employees and for the whole organization to achieve its objectives and goals efficiently effectively. The headship has the ability to bring the change in the organization without the disturbance of the strategies and working of the organization. So the headship improvement/development is a necessary thing for Marks Spencer to achieve its objective and goals. This organization must have to render the opportunities for the leaders to enhance their skills by giving the headship training and this training can change the style of doing business of the organization. It is not necessary that every leader requires a same level of training. The training can be different for different leaders. So the headship development is a necessary tool for the Marks Spencer to achieve its strategic goal and objectives. Leadership skills and knowledge is necessary to achieve the ambitions of the organization without the competencies of the leaders it is very difficult for the organization to achieve the organizational objectives. Different skills are required for the leadership to achieve the goals are Communication skill is very important and plays a vital role fro the improvement of the itself leaders and for the organization as well because if the leaders have not the communication skill they can not make progress and even they are not able to communicate with the other peoples and colleagues as well. Hence the communication skill is necessary. Problem solving and decision making skills are also necessary for the headship. The leaders must have the problem solving skill and he is able to solve the issues of the currently facing by the organization and the leader must be able to take a good and favorable decision for the betterment of the Marks Spencer. The leaders must have the skill to adopt the changes and he will be able to bring a favorable change in the environment of the organization so that the organization can run its business activities efficiently and can make progress. The leaders must have the honesty and flexibility skill so that they can make the honest and fair decision for the improvement of the organization and to achieve the organizational goals. And the leaders must have the skill of providing direction to its staff and the skill to cover and solve the issues of the employees and organization. The current skills of the leaders of Marks Spencer leaders are: Communication skill, work value skill, skill of honesty truthfulness, the skill of self-assurance, headship ability and skill of listening The leaders must have the skill to critically scan the environment by using the PESTL factors. Interpersonal skill so that the leaders can exchange the information with one an other without any hesitation, the time management skill so that the leaders can manage the time between their personal and professional life and the leaders must have the ability to take initiative with out any fear and for the betterment of the organization. As well as the existing skill concern the leaders of the Marks Spencer have the communication skill, honesty skill, headship ability and listening skill but they dont have the skill to take initiative, skill to scan the environment, Time management skill, the skill of adoptive and flexibility skill. Proper evaluation process and proper training of the leadership will be required in near future to achieve the organizational aims and goals. 2.1 The opportunities those are necessary to support the leadership development. 360 degree response analysis 360 degree feedback is a tool to measure and analyze the leadership improvement. So because of this I choose 360 degree feedback to support the leadership development. This tool is used to exploit the skills and competencies of headship. 360 degree feedback includes the feedback or response from reports, managers, primary and secondary stakeholders and as well as self-response. This tool will provide the improved skills and enhance the attitude of the headship so in this regard it will be very helpful for the headship. This 360 degree provide response/feedback to the leaders on variety of skills like Decision-making teamwork setting up goals communiquà © and many other categories of headship The 360 degree feedback analysis wills also help the headship to recognize the strength and the places/areas of loop fall and ultimately provide help to the headship to make and improve the strategic plans of the organization. A strong 360 degree response/feedback identifies the internal behavior and skills of the leaders that how to communicate with others in the critical situation and how to face the challenges. Another excellent personal assessment tool for employees, managers, and executives is the Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), a popular and fascinating assessment tool that helps people self-identify: How they prefer to direct or conserve their energy How they process and organize information How they tend to make decisions How they prefer to interact with people What blind spots they have as a result of these preferences Another assessment tool is Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) This is one of the best tool to analyze/assess the performance of the leaders/headship, workers etc. This tool helps the leadership to identify their skills like. How can leaders favor to save their vigor How can they flow information frequently How can they make influential decisions for the organization How can they communicate with others in a good way Some important opportunities that are helpful to promote the leadership development are as under Educational opportunities: Education is very important for the headship development of any organization. Education plays a vital role for development of leadership. So the educational opportunities are the key factor for headship improvement because without getting proper education no body can do any thing properly hence the leadership must have to identify the opportunities that are related to education and that can improve the performance of the organizations leaders. Training opportunities: Another opportunities that is very important for the organizations leaders that is to explore the training opportunities for the employees. Because of the training the leaders can improve the performance of the staff members and other low level employees. Development opportunities: To develop the staff and employees and as well as the leaders is very necessary for the organization and plays a vital role in the betterment and the success of the organization. Career planning opportunities: To explore opportunities that are in favor of the headship and as well as for the organization but with the opportunities of career planning this thing is no be neglected that the career of employees is very important so to identify opportunities that will not affect the career of the employees. 2.2 The example of one year personal development plan Skills are very important for the organization while conducting a kill audit of the Marks Spencer I as a manager identify the skills that are necessary for the headship development are as under Skill of communicate, flexibility skill, adoptive skill, work value skill, skill of honesty truthfulness, the skill of self-assurance, headship ability, skill of listening, the skill to cover the issues, the skill of good writing. These are very important skills for the improvement of headship of the organization The skills that need to be improved are: The skill of flexibility, adoptive skill, how to cover the management issues, headship issues, the skill of truthfulness and integrity, ability to watch the forecasted picture, multitask. These are the main parts of the organization where the loop falls are identified. How to improve the above skills: The above deficiencies of the skills can be improved by many ways. These skills can be improved through proper channel and by giving the proper training to the staff and the headship as well. By giving the some improvement and enhancement programs through the proper institute these loop falls can be improved and removed. But to remove these loop falls the headship requires the full attention and proper evaluation of the employees. To permanently remove these loop falls the organization needs the proper financial resources and to manage and allocate these resources is not an easy task. So the leaders needs to proper emphases on the management performance. Hence the leaders identified the financial resources and proper institutes where the employees can take training on the loop falls and can remove that loop falls. So the leaders can allocate the sufficient fund to perform this task efficiently and effectively. To record the progress I as a manager evaluate the organization by monthly or twice in a month in the initial stages either the employees are working better after getting the training or not. And with the passage of time I as a manager evaluate the performance of the employees and the result are very different from the previous performance. Hence the performance and working of the employees and management of the organization is improved very well. 2.3 Implementation process for the development plan Goals are very important for the success of the organization because without identifying the goals of the no any organization can make success. Total focus of the Marks Spencer of the retail outlet of United Kingdom (UK) is on some of the main important and key development goals are as following 100% have possession of Brand: The organizations (Marks Spencer) aim is to sell only own products and items so that the organization can give the guarantee to its consumers to provide the quality, value and after sale services that the organization promise to deliver. Expand High-Growth Areas of house magnificence: House basis business is growing rapidly with house fixtures and gifts are the faster improving sectors. Magnificence, although comparatively small, but it is also increasing day by day. Improve the Supply Chain: Marks Spencer whishes to watch the considerable benefits from the repute of the supply chain management. Marks Spencer also wishes to achieve the greater improvements in the quality, after sale services and easy accessibility. Marks Spencer also want to be the number one in the United Kingdom (UK) and as well as all over the world. By capturing response and feed back of the headship the Marks Spencer wants to improve the strategic goals and strategies. Because feedback is very important for the success of the organization and for the management as well so the Marks Spencer wishes to improve the feedback program of the leadership. And by taking response from the management. To achieve the organizational goal is the key task for the organization. So to achieve the strategic goals of the organization planning is very important. Marks Spencer is achieving his organizational goals by evaluating the performance of the employs and by making future strategies and to cut the long term strategic goals of the organization into the short term goals so that the goals can be achieved easily. Marks Spencer proper monitor the performance of the employees and staff against the task given to them and take decisions to make this thing possible and effective. The performance monitoring program is very good in Marks Spencer and this organization takes the possible measurements to achieve the strategic goals and break the long term goals into short term goals hence when the short term goals are achieved it means the long term goals are automatically achieved. The leadership of this organization is always busy in providing the superior tasks and good training but after that the leader wants the superior result in response. Assessment of the achievement of outcomes of the plan against original objectives: Yes all the things have achieved like development need, objectives and outcomes. Development needs of this organization are Decision-making, teamwork, setting up goals and how to communicate with other employees. And all the outcomes of the organization are achieved because the organization increases its profit by the end of this financial year. All the strategic aims and plans of the organization were well defined and organized properly. All these activities were monitored properly by the management so because of this all the goals of this organization achieved very well and according to plan. In next time I as a manger dont think about the changing of the strategies of the organization because organization is working properly and increases productivity day by day and the performance of the employees is also going good. The impact of the achievement of objectives on strategic ambitions: Objectives play a vital role in the success of the organizations success. The impact of the achievement is positive on the strategic goals o f the organization because if the organization achieves his goals step by step and go forward step by step then obviously it will put the best and positive effect on the aim of organization. The trust of the customers will increased by this thing and the brand equity will also be increased. Definitely when the performance and turn over ration of the organization will increase and the organization will achieved its defined strategic objectives than i will make a new mission statement of my organization. Now this organization is need to going globally and has to expend its business activities in all over the world. And after that obviously the Marks Spencer will make new strategic marketing plans to promote its business activities all over the world. While going globally the organization needs to improve its marketing plans and needs to diversify its recruitment process because work force diversity is very important for any organization to be successful in the global market. And the organization needs to know the culture of the other countries before going globally. After doing all these things effectively and efficiently the organization achieved its impact that was the organization looking for. The positioning and targeting of the organization was very effective and good and the strategies for going global were also proved that it was in favour of the organization. The vision statement of the organization was very nice and the customers were attracted by this new statement. Because of the new marketing strategies and target marketing the organization achieved the  £20K profit in the recent financial year. 3.3 Yes almost all the development needs achieved but this is not enough because the organization wants to be the number one in all over the world. And yes all the development objectives achieved by the organization and all the outcomes that were needed to the organization were achieved by the organization. Yes the achievement impact on strategic ambitions has been evaluated and analysed. Successful strategies and by the proper targeting marketing the strategic ambitions of the organization achieved and evaluated. No there is no need to auction the existing development of the organization. And yes of course the development needs that are required to the organization in future are identified properly that is organization needs to go global and for this it needs more finances are competent skills are required. As well as the concern about the new development objectives that are also be identified that the organization wants to be the number one in all over the world and wishes to expand it s business activities globally. 4.1 Employers have a lawful duty to make sure that the work surroundings and work practices are secure and that the fitness of their employees is not damage by the job that they perform. The managers persistent to contribute in Work Well a targeted anxiety management programme. The Marks Spencer also contributed in the business Health and recital business study Marks and Spencer introduced precautions for Fire, Health and Safety performance, based on a Combination of self-assessment and expert inspections every three months. An improved Asbestos management plan has also been introduced. So because of health and safety program the marks and Spencer decreases its cost of production in a long run and also minimize the uncertainty of the organization. It reduces the average rate of accidents due to negligence and due to safe environment the attendance of employees is improved. The marks Spencer is promoting its health Safety program by introduces a community investment program that emphasis on four areas employability, education, health and community safety. Hence because of the efficient health Safety program the Marks Spencer is successful in reducing the rate of accidents by 25 percent and adds the 8 percent increase in the profit. All these activities definitely helped the Marks Spencer to achieve the strategic goals and to expand its business activities into the new markets of the world. In this assignment I identified the different individual/personal skills of the leaders of the Marks Spencer to fulfill the objective and aims of the organization. And I also had made effort to explore and evaluate the current and future skills of the leaders to enhance the performance of the management and that can improve the productivity of the organization. And at the end I tried to make the personal development plan for the Marks Spencer for one financial year in which I audit the skills of the leaders and identified different skills that need to be improved and that helps the deliberate goals of the organization in the current dynamic business environment. Hence the marks Spencer is really needed to change in its strategies while going global up to some extant so that it can achieve its global objectives.

Importance of Humor and Laughter in One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest :: One Flew Over Cuckoos Nest

Importance of Humor and Laughter in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest "There are three things which are real: God, human folly, and laughter. Since the first two pass our comprehension, we must do what we can with the third." In One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, humor is present in a very powerful form. Normally, insane people don’t have the capacity to laugh or find the humor in something as we "normal" people do. They live tragic existences, wandering day by day in the bland, depressing world of an asylum. They have forgotten how to live because they are under the authoritative rule of the head nurse, and under the behavioral influence of drug doses and bossy orderlies. The patients have no real existence of their own, and they are essentially lifeless. As the Lord works in mysterious ways, Randall MacMurphy is "sent" to heal the patients of the asylum. He shows them that to laugh is good, and laughing at yourself can sometimes be the best medicine. He is the comic healer who gives life to the otherwise hopeless patients of the asylum. MacMurphy seems to have an affinity for laughter. In essence, it is an escape for him- it makes him feel good, and most importantly, it radiates to his friends, an d helps heal them. This book is about so many things, it is hard to stay on one topic for any length of time. In order to focus on the laugh and laughing as a healing agent, I would like to look towards other influential writers and thinkers to tie together laughing and healing. First, let’s see what laughter is according to Meriam Webster: laughter- n. a cause of merriment. Using this simple definition, we can assume that laughter can come from any form of merriment or emotion like triumph, contempt, relief, and almost any other emotion there is. It is easy to picture in your head different underlying emotions in laughter; the sinister laughs of witches and ghosts, the insincere, fake laughs you hear after pointless, humorless attempts at jokes on the six o’clock news, to the silent laughs of mimes and clowns that fill the people around them with a happy feeling. These are all examples of what laughter is and how it is used. But why do we do it? What in nature created the laugh and mad e it so successful?

The Historical Value of Speeches in Thucydides

The historical value of speeches in Thucydides In writing his history as a whole, it is fair to say that Thucydides has always been praised for his relative historical accuracy, be that due to his actual presence at events, his use of eyewitness testimony or his noted checking of facts. In style Thucydides kept his narrative sections rather impersonal thereby allowing the story to unfold itself. However, to then lay bare what stood behind the narrative, the moral possibilities, the mistakes, the fears and the motives, the device he used was the speech, a mechanism he employed with supreme mastery. Perhaps the best way to begin to answer the question in hand, we should examine the definition Thucydides himself gives us in his statement of methodology for his speeches that appears in 1. 22. 1. of his History of the Peloponnesian War. ‘In this history I have made use of set speeches some of which were delivered just before and others during the war. I have found it difficult to remember the precise words used in the speeches which I listened to myself and my various informants have experienced the same difficulty; so my method has been while keeping as closely as possible to the general sense of the words that were actually used, to make the speakers say what, in my opinion, was called for by each situation’’ It is not unreasonable to construe that at face value this statement is not at all a ringing endorsement for historical accuracy. This idea is taken up by Plant who correctly states that there is a lack of correlation between the first and second parts of the statement. He continues that it has long been debated whether the historian claimed and/or attempted to present verbatim accounts of the arguments put forward by the speakers on each occasion as best he could, or whether he felt free to modify or to invent particular arguments or even whole speeches. And the controversy has been fuelled by what has been widely regarded as the ambiguity of the second of the two parts of Thucydides' famous statement of aims and methods in 1. 2. 1. The accepted ambiguity of 1. 22. 1, moreover, has provided such scholars with what they consider to be primary evidence with which they might successfully call into question the â€Å"objectivity† of Thucydides as a â€Å"scientific historian,† and with which they might thereby persuasively promote the view of him as either an impassioned (outraged) moralist or a tend entious manipulator of his reader's sympathies. * It is clear therefore, that in the speeches what we encounter is in some sense Thucydides’ own voice. In terms of ultimate historical value, however, the thorny question has always been is it Thucydides’ view of what the speakers really meant, or his judgment of what they should have meant? To return to his initial statement for a moment, it is interesting to note that Thucydides seems to be making a virtue of the fact that he is not reporting verbatim. We must remember that in the times in which Thucydides was writing rhetoric was an everyday part of the society in which he lived and long speeches in literary works were commonplace. The contemporary readers of Thucydides were men habituated to a civic life in which public speech played an all important part. To a Greek of that age a written history of political events would have seemed strangely insipid if speech ‘in the first person’ had been absent from it especially if it did not offer some mirror of those debates which were inseparably associated with the central interests and the decisive moments of political life. On a further point of contemporary style and verbal accuracy, Cole argues that the complexity, compression, and frankness of the arguments in the speeches in Thucydides mean that they cannot have been made in the form he gives us on the occasions when he claims they were made. * Whether or not we accept Cole's thesis, or a modification thereof, we must still accept the strong influence of contemporary rhetoric on Thucydides. In any event, Thucydides’ Thomas F. Garrity’s article on ‘Thucydides 1. 22. 1: Content and Form in the Speeches, (autumn 1998), The American Journal of Philology *T. Cole, The Origins of Rhetoric in Ancient Greece (Baltimore, 1991) speeches are vital highpoints in his work and not only for the structure and form of the arguments they explore. They appear at great moments of decision and turning points and their dramatic impact is useful to Thucydides as an instrument of style. We therefore may have to accept that they are more great rhetorical set pieces rather than paragons of historical accuracy However, although the exact accuracy of the words spoken in the speeches produced by Thucydides in these works cannot be verified thereby inevitably devaluing their historical value, it can be said that the style and method of the speeches and debates that Thucydides includes in his work do provide us with an almost unwitting testimony of other facts which do have great significance and value for the historian. For example the Mytilenian debate between Cleon and Diodotus shows us how decisions were made, the grounds on which they were made, and the psychology used by the persuaders. In addition, it provides us with an insight into the considerations about the behavior of an imperial power at war, its relationship with the democrats among the allies and its attention to long-term finance. So by dramatizing a conflict between two orators, Thucydides records for us the interplay of various contemporary problems concerning the exercise of power and the conduct of war. The conclusion is that the speeches are not what we should call historical reporting in the same sense as the narrative. However there is no doubt that the impact of their presence in the work is very powerful. The reader is quite carried away in the midst of these marvelous orations to a point where, not only does he feel that he has seen the Peloponnesian War from the inside, but he is certain that he knows exactly what the issues were and why things happened as they did. The overall conclusion, therefore, must be that we cannot quantify the exact historical value of the speeches in Thucydides’ work as we can never be sure of their complete verbal accuracy. However, there is no denying that the speeches may be taken as a paradigm for a better understanding of his historiographical project in general and that there is a lasting satisfaction to be obtained from reading Thucydides’ speeches for their own sake as a direct and vivid aesthetic experience. Bibliography Connor W. Robert, Thucydides (1984) pages 146-158, http://www. umanitiesebook. org Garrity Thomas F. , Thucydides 1. 22. 1:Content and Form in the Speeches’ The American Journal of Philology, Vol. 119, No. 3 (Autumn 1998), pp. 361-384. JSTOR: http://www. jstor. org/stable/156676 Plant Ian M. ‘The Influence of Forensic Otatory on Thucydides’ Principles of Method’ Theh Classic Quarterly, New Series, Vol. 49, No. 1 (1999), pp. 62-73. JSTOR: http://jstor. o rg/stable/639489 Thucydides, History of The Peloponnesian War (1954), Trans. Rex Warner, Penguin Classics (London)